Harrison died just 31 days after his inauguration in 1841, the shortest presidency in United States history. Many of the Sauk resented the loss of lands, especially their leader Black Hawk. [128], That June, Harrison's body was transported by train and river barge to North Bend, Ohio, and he was buried on July 7 at the summit of Mt. A very long speech and a very short Presidential term. His army defeated the British, and Tecumseh was killed, on October 5, 1813, at the Battle of the Thames. Harrisons predecessor, Martin Van Buren, gave a speech of 3,800 words. He narrowly lost Virginia even though both he and Tyler were born there. In May 1834, Harrison was appointed clerk of courts of the Hamilton County Court of Common Pleas in Cincinnati, a lowly position for a man of his political ambitions. of United States", "Biographical SketchWilliam Henry Harrison", "William Henry Harrison (17731841) Biography", "National Register of Historic Places Inventory Nomination Form: Corydon Historic District", "William Henry Harrison: Shady Treaty Maker (quoting Owens)", "A Brief History of Race and Politics in Indiana", "Presidential Series William H. Harrison", "Treaty with the Wyandots, Delawares, Shawnees, Senecas, and Miamis (1814)", "William Henry Harrison: Campaigns and Elections", "How Close Were The Presidential Elections? His vice president, John Tyler, assumes the office of president. Brief Summary of William Henry Harrison [49] The Treaty of Fort Wayne (1809) raised new tensions when Harrison purchased more than 2.5million acres (10,000km2) from the Potawatomi, Delaware, Miami, and Eel River tribes. Miller applied mustard plaster to his stomach and gave him a mild laxative, and he felt better that afternoon. Harrison grew up among the elite of Virginia. [98] The Whigs invented a chant in which people would spit tobacco juice as they chanted "wirt-wirt", and this also exhibited the difference between candidates from the time of the election:[90]. WebAt age sixty-eight, Harrison was the oldest President elected in his century. The following year, Harrison was elected the territorys delegate to Congress in Philadelphia. "William H. Harrison" redirects here. William Henry Harrison gives the longest inauguration speech in history, one hour and 45 minutes. Instead, Vice President Richard Mentor Johnson escorted his old commander from the Battle of the Thames to the speakers stand. WebWilliam Henry Harrison (February 9, 1773 April 4, 1841) was an American military officer and politician who served as the ninth president of the United States.Harrison died just 31 days after his inauguration in 1841, the shortest presidency in United States history. [106], Harrison promised to re-establish the Bank of the United States and extend its capacity for credit by issuing paper currency in Henry Clay's American system. But what Harrison is probably best known for is his short stint in office: less than a month after taking the Presidency, Harrison died. [32] In 1804, Harrison was assigned to administer the civilian government of the District of Louisiana. He then received reinforcements in 1813, took the offensive, and led the army north to battle. Harrison was a general at the time and became president in 1841. [88], Burr closes his account of Harrison by describing an event, denied by some of his friendsa reception given the general at Philadelphia, in 1836. John Tyler (April 9, 1841), Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Charles Balthazar Julien Fvret de Saint-Mmin, William Henry Harrison 1840 presidential campaign, William Henry Harrison Tomb State Memorial, List of memorials to William Henry Harrison, List of presidents of the United States by previous experience, List of presidents of the United States who died in office, Presidents of the United States on U.S. postage stamps, "William Henry Harrison: Life Before the Presidency", "Warren Harding and 5 other presidents who have faced 'love child' questions", "William Henry Harrison, 9th Pres. [127] Solomon Northup gave an account of the procession in Twelve Years a Slave: The next day there was a great pageant in Washington. University of Kentucky, Copyright 2023. He reported to the Secretary of State that the country was on the edge of anarchy, and that Simn Bolvar was about to become a military dictator. [22] The match was advantageous for Harrison, as he eventually exploited his father-in-law's connections with land speculators, which facilitated his departure from the army. [80] He arrived in Bogot on December 22, 1828, and found the condition of Colombia saddening. [12] He was initially assigned to Fort Washington, Cincinnati in the Northwest Territory where the army was engaged in the ongoing Northwest Indian War. He won recognition for his bravery during the Battle of Fallen Timbers (1794). Journalist Richard Smith Elliott later wrote that Elder knew passion and prejudice, properly aroused and directed, would do about as well as principle and reason.. - Pleads to Harrison to take everything he has said into consideration. [19] Harrison asked the judge for permission to marry Anna but was refused, so the couple waited until Symmes left on business. Nothing worked. When was there ever before such a spectacle . He condemned the financial excesses of the prior administration and pledged not to interfere with congressional financial policy. During the address, the new Congress awarded Harrison a gold medal for his services during the war. WebWilliam Henry Harrison (February 9, 1773 April 4, 1841) was the 9th president of the United States. On December 4, 1839, the Whigs opened their first convention in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, to choose a nominee for the 1840 presidential race. 9 minutes. [99][102], When Harrison came to Washington, he wanted to show that he was still the steadfast hero of Tippecanoe and that he was a better educated and more thoughtful man than the backwoods caricature portrayed in the campaign. In 1798 Pres. This letter is addressed to general Harrison; he demands that the Indian lands be returned. A modern theory is that he died from typhoid fever contracted from bacteria ingested through the White House water supply, which likely was contaminated by a nearby depository for raw sewage. On April 24, 1791, Benjamin Harrison died at age 65 while he was Speaker of the Virginia House of Delegates. Soon thereafter, funds were cut off for Harrisons schooling, and at age eighteen he joined the First Infantry of the U.S. Army as an ensign after receiving a recommendation from Virginia governor Henry Light-Horse Harry Lee. On November 25, 1795, Harrison eloped with twenty-year-old Anna Tuthill Symmes, the well-educated daughter of John Cleves Symmes, a former chief justice of the Supreme Court of New Jersey who was one of southwestern Ohios biggest land speculators. I bid farewell, if forever, fare thee well. Anna Harrison was in poor health and stayed home; she planned to join her husband in Washington in the spring. [70], The outbreak of war with the British in 1812 led to continued conflict with Indians in the Northwest. [59] Harrison said that the individual tribes were the owners of the land and could sell it as they wished. Hordes of office applicants came to the White House, which was then open to any who wanted a meeting with the president. Harrison named his cabinet and called for Congress to return on May 31 for a special session. I ask nothing more.. The Whigs encouraged womens participation throughout Virginia, overturning long-standing cultural constrains on public partisanship by women. William Henry Harrison Tomb: Our shortest serving president - See 56 traveler reviews, 85 candid photos, and great deals for North Bend, OH, at Tripadvisor. [29], Harrison had many friends in the eastern aristocracy and quickly gained a reputation among them as a frontier leader. [36] He became chairman of the Committee on Public Lands and promoted the Land Act of 1800, which made it easier to buy Northwest Territory land in smaller tracts at a lower cost. [68] By December, however, most major American papers carried stories on the battle victory, and public outrage grew over the Shawnee. Harrison, after leaving his post but while still in the country, wrote his roughly ten-page letter to Bolivar, which is reproduced in full in the Hall and Burr biographies. At first Harrison took no part in these raucous rallies. [5] He was elected to the Ohio State Senate in 1819 and served until 1821, having lost the election for Ohio governor in 1820. Tyler obliged and was sworn into office on April 6, 1841. Instead, in May 1800, Adams appointed Harrison governor of the newly created Indiana Territory, which comprised, until 1809, a much larger area than the present state of Indiana. He said little of the national bank, except he mentioned he was open to paper money, rather than metallic currency. https://www.britannica.com/biography/William-Henry-Harrison, Ohio History Central - Biography of William H. Harrison, GlobalSecurity.org - William Henry Harrison (March -April 1841), Encyclopedia Virginia - William Henry Harrison (17731841), The White House - Biography of William Henry Harrison, William Henry Harrison - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), William Henry Harrison - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), presidency of the United States of America (1841-1841), Harrison, William Henry; Berkeley Plantation, Harrison, William Henry; Tippecanoe, Battle of. During the address, the new president wore no coat or hat. His grandson Benjamin Harrison was the 23rd president of the United States (188993). [2] Harrison's older brother Carter Bassett Harrison represented Virginia in the House of Representatives (17931799). He rambled on for one hour and 45 minutes, uttering 8,845 words. [12] Congress had legislated a territorial policy that led to high land costs, a primary concern for settlers in the Territory; Harrison became their champion to lower those prices. [119] The next day, Saturday, the doctor was called again, and arrived to find Harrison in bed with a "severe chill", after taking another early morning walk. He had accumulated no substantial wealth during his lifetime, and he lived on his savings, a small pension, and the income produced by his farm. On April 3, Harrison uttered his final words, apparently directed at Vice President Tyler: Sir, I wish you to understand the true principles of the government. [96] A memorable example was the Gold Spoon Oration that Pennsylvania's Whig representative Charles Ogle delivered in the House, ridiculing Van Buren's elegant White House lifestyle and lavish spending. [43], In 1805, Harrison built a plantation-style home near Vincennes that he named Grouseland, in tribute to the birds on the property. Women couldnt vote in 1840, but they could influence the votes of their husbands and suitors, and the Whigs were the first to harness their power. as a candidate for the Presidency, traversing the country, and taking the stump with a view of advocating his own claims for that high and responsible station? He then studied medicine in Richmond, Virginia, and in Philadelphia with Benjamin Rush. President James Madison removed Winchester from command in September, and Harrison became commander of the fresh recruits. After hearing news of her husbands election, Anna Harrison said: I wish that my husbands friends had left him where he is, happy and contented in retirement.. He was promoted to major general in the Army during the War of 1812, and led American infantry and cavalry to victory at the Battle of the Thames in Upper Canada. Resisting the expansionism fostered by the treaties negotiated by Harrison, the Shawnee intertribal leader Tecumseh and his brother Tenskwatawa, who was known as the Prophet, organized an Indian uprising. Harrison was promoted to captain in 1797 and, for a brief period, served as commander of Fort Washington, resigning from the army in June 1798. The others were Daniel Webster, Hugh L. White, and Willie P. Mangum. [46] The territorial capital was eventually moved to Corydon in 1813, and Harrison built a second home at nearby Harrison Valley. They cast him as a provincial, out-of-touch old man who would rather "sit in his log cabin drinking hard cider" than attend to the administration of the country. General William Henry Harrison leads American troops to victory over the British and their Native American allies in the Battle of the Thames during the War of 1812. The following year Harrisons mother died. [5] Tecumseh was traveling in 1811, leaving Tenskwatawa in charge of Indian forces. According to Burr, "Thousands and tens of thousands crowded Chesnut street wharf upon his arrival, and greeted him with continual cheering as he landed. He died one month later of pneumonia, believed to have been brought on by prolonged exposure to the elements on his Inauguration Day. At age fifty-six, Harrison returned to his home in North Bend, Ohio. The following year, on November 25, he married Anna Tuthill Symmes. At sixty-seven, Harrison was the oldest person to run for president at the time. [119] The doctor then gave him castor oil and medicines to induce vomiting, and diagnosed him with pneumonia in the right lung. WebWilliam Henry Harrison delivered the longest Inaugural address, at 8,445 words, on March 4, 1841a bitterly cold, wet day. [144], Harrison's son John Scott Harrison represented Ohio in the House of Representatives between 1853 and 1857. He is assigned to Fort Washington in the village of Cincinnati in the future Ohio territory. [113] Conflicting and unconfirmed newspaper reports were based on leaks by people with contacts in the White House. [42] Presidents Thomas Jefferson and James Madison were members of the Democratic-Republican Party, and they reappointed him as governor in 1803, 1806, and 1809. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. In 1803, he had lobbied Congress to temporarily suspend for ten years Article VI of the Northwest Ordinance prohibiting slavery in the Indiana Territory. [43] The Territory's general assembly convened in 1810, and its anti-slavery faction immediately repealed the indenturing laws previously enacted. [52] Though Harrison asserted that the suspension was necessary to promote settlement and make the territory economically viable and ready for statehood, the proposal failed. The Whigs saw in Harrison a born southerner and war hero, who would contrast well with the aloof, uncaring, and aristocratic Van Buren. He was also the first United States president to die in office, and a brief constitutional crisis Illustration by Sterling Hundley. In his time as president, he delivered the longest inaugural speech in US history, followed by a swift and permanent exit from life and political office. "[122] Harrison died at 12:30a.m. on April 4, 1841, Palm Sunday, nine days after becoming ill and exactly one month after taking the oath of office;[119] he was the first president to die in office. He declared he would only serve for one term in office and not abuse his veto power. We invite you to learn more about Indians in Virginia in our Encyclopedia Virginia. [21] Judge Symmes confronted him two weeks later at a farewell dinner for General Wayne, sternly demanding to know how he intended to support a family. WebOn March 4, 1841, President William Henry Harrison gave the longest inaugural speech in American history. It took him nearly two hours to read, although his friend and fellow Whig Daniel Webster had edited it for length. [70] Harrison was succeeded by John Gibson as acting governor of the territory. [10] He briefly studied medicine at the University of Pennsylvania with Doctor Benjamin Rush and William Shippen Sr.[10] His older brother inherited their father's money, so he lacked the funds for his further medical schooling, which he had also discovered he didn't prefer. It was considered to be one of the great American victories in the war, second only to the Battle of New Orleans, and secured a national reputation for Harrison. [83], In May of 1817, Harrison served as one of the founding vestry members of the Episcopal congregation, Christ Church in downtown Cincinnati (now Christ Church Cathedral). Clay pressed him on the special session on March 13, but Harrison rebuffed him and told him not to visit the White House again, to address him only in writing. [5] He was elected in 1816 to complete John McLean's term in the House of Representatives, representing Ohio's 1st congressional district until 1819.
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