characteristics of esau in the bible

The Lord promised Abraham that he would bless him, multiply his seed as the stars of heaven, and the sand on the beach. And Esau said to Jacob, Let me eat some of that red stew, for I am exhausted! (Therefore his name was called Edom. Today's Edomites are still hustling their way through life. Isaac's grief at Esau's wickedness caused him to will himself to go blind so that he couldn't bear witness to his son's crimes. They could not have been any more different. Meaning of Name: To tie, to secure, to bind. ( Genesis 25:25 ) Esaus robust frame and "rough" aspect were the types of a wild and daring nature. The historical Edomites, who lived to the southwest of what would become the Kingdom of Judah, would fulfill the prophecy that Esau's line would serve Jacob's when King David led a conquest against Edom, at least according to the biblical books of Samuel and Kings. In fact, the name "Esau" means "hairy.". One day Esau came home exhausted and wanted to eat some of Jacob's red stew. On a certain occasion, on returning from the chase, urged by the cravings of hunger, Esau sold his birthright to his brother, Jacob, who thereby obtained the covenant blessing ( Genesis 27:28 Genesis 27:29 Genesis 27:36 ; Hebrews 12:16 Hebrews 12:17 ). Her Occupation: Shepherdess first, then wife and mother. Esau sent (Genesis 27:1)_ 2. Hatred of Israel. Online Bible (KJV) [32] The Talmudic dating would give both Esau and Jacob an age of 15 at the time. In the story, Esau trades his birthright for a bowl of soup, which . When Isaac touched it, he blessed Jacob, thinking it was really Esau. Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible, "The survey of western Palestine: memoirs of the topography, orography, hydrography, and archaeology", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Esau&oldid=1151865538, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 26 April 2023, at 18:53. Send us an e-mail The author of Hebrews warns against a root of bitterness springing up and says See to it that no one fails to obtain the grace of God; that no root of bitterness springs up and causes trouble, and by it many become defiled; that no one is sexually immoral or unholy like Esau, who sold his birthright for a single meal. Copyright 2023, Bible Study Tools. What is the meaning of Jacob wrestling with God. Genesis 48:22; Genesis 49:3-4) as heir of the everlasting promises to Abraham's seed (Romans 9:5; Romans 9:8). Esau now permanently left Canaan, and established himself as a powerful and wealthy chief in the land of Edom (q.v.). According to Rashi, Isaac, when blessing Jacob in Esau's place, smelled the heavenly scent of Gan Eden (Paradise) when Jacob entered his room and, in contrast, perceived Gehenna opening beneath Esau when the latter entered the room, showing him that he had been deceived all along by Esau's show of piety. Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site. It is only when God sends a host of angels to intimidate Esau that the ruddy hunter agrees to reconcile with his twin. Though Esau had thus cordially received Jacob, the latter was still doubtful about him, and, by a sort of duplicity, managed to become separated from him, Esau returning to Seir (Genesis 33:12-17). In the case of Esau and Jacob, we must remember the promise that the Lord had made to his grandfather, Abraham, and the promise that was passed down to his father, Isaac. In the Hebrew bible, the Edomites were the descendants of Jacob's brother Esau. Esau was the firstborn son of Isaac and Rebecca, and he is described as a rugged outdoorsman. When Esau goes to the field to hunt for venison to bring home, Rebekah says to her son Jacob, "Behold, I heard thy father speak to thy brother Esau, saying: 'Bring me venison and prepare a savoury food, that I may eat, and bless thee before the Lord before my death.'" Reckless of the lawfulness of the means, provided she gained her end, she brought sorrow on both. When Jacob was sent away to Padan-aram, Esau tried to conciliate his parents ( Genesis 28:8 Genesis 28:9 ) by marrying his cousin Mahalath, the daughter of Ishmael. "Before, he might have had the blessing without tears; afterward, however many he shed, he was rejected" (Bengel). While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Once again Rebekah intervenes to save her younger son from being murdered by his elder twin brother, Esau. By the time Esau returns, Isaac has already blessed Jacob and it turns out there are no takebacks on paternal blessings. Verse 22-23: "And Jacob went near unto Isaac his father; and he felt him, and said, The voice is Jacob's voice, but the hands are the hands of Esau. Esau was "a skillful hunter, a man of the open country" and his father's favorite. Our, "Sooo much more helpful thanSparkNotes. The animal appearance marked his sensual, self willed, untamed nature, in which the moral, spiritual elements were low. He is "red, all over like a hairy garment.". "The word itself is related to the Hebrew word meaning 'hair,' as possible meaning also for the name 'Esau,'" the NIV . Isaac loved Esau and Rebekah loved Jacob ( Genesis 25:27-28 ). This cloak had previously belonged to Adam, who had had mastery over the beasts, and according to "The Legends of the Jews,"any animal who encountered a person wearing this cloak would immediately lie face down on the ground, taking basically any last vestige of sport out of hunting. Therefore, even today, Israelites generally think and behave much like their father Jacob, while Edomites . The lentils Jacob was cooking were meant for his father Isaac, because lentils are the traditional mourner's meal for Jews. Esau, at the age of forty, had taken two Hittite wives, and had thus displeased his parents. In Genesis 27:140, Jacob uses deception, motivated by his mother Rebekah, to lay claim to his blind father Isaac's blessing that was inherently due to the firstborn, Esau. Mention of his unhappy marriages may be found in ( Genesis 26:34 ) The next episode in the life of Esau is the loss of his fathers covenant blessing, which Jacob secured through the craft of his mother, and the anger of Esau, who vows vengeance. At the age of forty years, to the great grief of his parents, he married ( Genesis 26:34 Genesis 26:35 ) two Canaanitish maidens, Judith, the daughter of Beeri, and Bashemath, the daughter of Elon. In process of time Jacob, following his natural bent, became a shepherd; while Esau, a "son of the desert," devoted himself to the perilous and toilsome life of a huntsman. He had dark hair and a dark complexion, while his brother Jacob had white hair and a pale complexion. While it's easy to see Esau as a dumb jock who values a full belly over a long-term investment, it's just a possible to view Jacob as a shrewd and unscrupulous manipulator who took advantage of his brother's dire straits to get what he wanted. The traditional stories collected by Louis Ginzberg in his book "The Legends of the Jews" go into further detail to draw the twin boys into starker contrast. An important thing to remember about Esau is that all of the information about him being a murderer, idolator, and attempted vampire all come from extra-biblical sources. Sister of Laban. He was much loved by his father, and was of course his heir, but was induced to sell his birthright to Jacob. It is a rainy, gray day here in the Northeast. Psalm 137 ("By the waters of Babylon") suggests merely that Edom had encouraged the Babylonians: The Lord is asked to "remember against the Edomites the day of Jerusalem, how they said 'raze it, raze it to its foundations'". This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Esau, McClintock and Strong Biblical Cyclopedia - Esau. Chart of the Family Tree of Esau This chart reveals the descendants of Esau in the Old Testament. Notice the contrast in the character of these two brothers. of ( hairy ), the eldest son of Isaac, and twin-brother of Jacob. The Bible makes a point to note that red was also the color of the stew Esau sold his birthright for, but more importantly, Edom was the name of a longstanding enemy of Israel, who lived to the southwest of Judah on Mount Seir. Such a view is espoused by Rabbi Danya Ruttenberg, who says that centuries of tradition have failed to give Esau the benefit of the doubt when reading between the lines of scripture. #1. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). At birth Esau was red and hairy, and he became a wandering hunter, while Jacob was a shepherd. However, after the death of Isaac, the sons of Esau convince their father to lead them, and hired mercenaries, against Jacob in order to kill Jacob and his family and seize their wealth (especially the portion of Isaac's wealth that Isaac had left to Jacob upon his death). The Lord tells her that "two nations are in your womb, and two peoples born of you shall be divided; the one shall be stronger than the other, the elder shall serve the younger.". Isaac, with the caprice of affection whereby the quiet, parent loves the opposite to his own character, "loved Esau because he did eat of his venison," his selfishness herein bringing its own punishment. Jacob schemed to get Esau to trade his birthright for a mess of pottage (Genesis 25:29-34) 2. [36] This means that the head of Esau is also buried in the cave. Secar, "hairy," may have also originated the designation of his territory, mount Sier, i.e." His name might mean "hairy" or "red." "Hairy" is a play on the . 1. The parents named him Esau in relation to the red color. Isaac was sixty years old when the boys were born. By the intertestamental period, Edom had replaced Babylon as the nation that actually burned the Temple ("Thou hast also vowed to build thy temple, which the Edomites burned when Judah was laid waste by the Chaldees"[27]). Courage to put aside issues from the past. We find this exemplified in the story of the wells (ver. Jacob asks to marry Laban's daughter Rachel, whom he has met at the well, and Laban agrees, if Jacob will give him seven years of service. The name comes from the Biblical story of Jacob and Esau in the Book of Genesis. My students love how organized the handouts are and enjoy tracking the themes as a class., Requesting a new guide requires a free LitCharts account. In isolation, this story kind of makes it seem that our hero Jacob was less than forthright and honest in this circumstance, so fortunately tradition steps in to fill in the blanks. Esau found the truth of the homely proverb, "he that will not when he may, when he will shall have nay" (Proverbs 1:24-30; Luke 13:28; Luke 13:34-35; Luke 19:42; Luke 19:44). The Origins of the Name Esau. Abraham was a super-ego figure, a true tzaddik, a righteous person. Jacob said, "Swear to me now.". All rights reserved. Isaac too erred through carnal partiality, which he sought to stimulate by eating his favorite's venison, determining to give to Esau the blessing in spite of the original divine intimation, "the elder shall serve the younger," and in spite of Esau's actual sale of the birthright to Jacob, and though Esau had shown his unworthiness of it by taking when he was forty years of age two Hittite wives from among the corrupt Canaanites, to his father's and mother's grief. This refers to his red hair. He is mentioned in the Book of Genesis[3] and by the prophets Obadiah[4] and Malachi. He afterwards tried to regain what he had so recklessly parted with, but was defeated in his attempts through the stealth of his brother ( Genesis 27:4 Genesis 27:34 Genesis 27:38 ). Jacob's grandfather, Abraham, was promised by God to have many descendants just as the stars in the sky and the sand by the sea. (hairy ), the eldest son of Isaac, and twin-brother of Jacob. As Dr. Malka Z. Simkovich explains, after Esau and Jacob reconcile in Genesis 33, the two brothers go their separate ways, with Jacob settling in Canaan and Esau taking his family to the hill country of Seir, which area came to be known by Esau's nickname, Edom. http://britam.org/Genesis/Gen25to28Toldot.html, THE PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY OF Fausset's Bible Dictionary Jacob's character is at least equally mixed, joining intelligence with guile. Let's take a look at parts of this story and why it is so . Isaac loved Esau because he ate of his game, but Rebekah loved Jacob." Esau would have killed Jacob, but Jacob fled; when he returned 20 years later, Esau forgave him. Jacob's parents were Isaac and Rebekah, and Esau was his twin brother. This story occurs in Genesis 25:27-34 and explains that Esau is so exhausted from hunting that he is desperate for food, begging for some of the "red stuff" that his brother was cooking up. Esau had strong instinctual proclivities but he saw Abraham as an image of immortality because Abraham was righteous. Amos (1:11) describes Esau as bearing a grudge against Jacob for all time. Jacob's sudden and desperate flight for his life means that the inheritance that he swindled out of Esau's hands in exchange for a bowl of stew is left under Esau's stewardship after all. But they are within new borders as citizens of some very rich and prosperous countries, notably the nations of the West. . Judas Maccabeus defeated, and his nephew Hyrcanus conquered, and compelled them to be circumcised and incorporated with the Jews; but an Idamean dynasty, Antipater and the Herod's, ruled down to the final destruction of Jerusalem. Definition of the biblical firmament in Genesis, what is the firmament in the bible?, was the firmament the third heaven, firmament meaning, did the firmament bring the flood of Noah. first came out red, all his body like a hairy cloak, so they called his name Esau, his brother came out with his hand holding Esaus heel, so his name was called Jacob, the boys grew up, Esau was a skillful hunter, a man of the field, while Jacob was a quiet man, dwelling in tents, when Jacob was cooking stew, Esau came in from the field, and he was exhausted. Today they are often referred to as the Arabs and Israelis and they are enemies to this day. Esau is described as a skillful hunter, red in hue, and covered with hair. This arrangement grieved his parents. Refine any search. The prophecy of Isaac," Thou shalt serve thy brother, and when thou shalt have the dominion thou shalt break his yoke from off thy neck," was fulfilled to the letter. Also included in this covenant that the Lord made with . Why Does God Compare Our Relationship with Him to That of a Bride and Groom? Books and Offering Opportunities [5] The Christian New Testament alludes to him in the Epistle to the Romans[6] and in the Epistle to the Hebrews.[7]. [Genesis 25:23] . Esau has the good and bad qualities of natural man -- principal among them, generosity and impulsiveness, the characteristics of natural liberty. This is a far cry from the bloodthirsty bully of the rabbinical tradition, who needed to be truly evil to justify not only the Jewish national hero Jacob in his con artist ways, but also the Israelites' long-standing antipathy toward the people of Edom and Rome. Esau was also called Edom ("red"), because he said to Jacob: "Feed me, I pray thee, with that same red pottage" (Genesis 25:30). His fifth crime that day is apparently sexual assault, but this is never explained. ("hairy, rough"); for at birth he "came out red (from whence his name EDOM), all over like an hairy garment" (Genesis 25:25). Her story is one filled with romance, drama, treachery, deceit and loss. Jacob does so, but after the wedding finds that beneath the veil is not Rachel but Leah, Laban's elder daughter. Esau [a] is the elder son of Isaac in the Hebrew Bible. Omissions? [8] Throughout Genesis, Esau is frequently shown as being supplanted by his younger twin, Jacob (Israel).[10]. The wily Jacob takes advantage of this desperation and trades some stew to his starving brother for his birthright. Matthew Henry Bible Commentary Where Esau is red and hairy, Jacob comes across as fair, with smooth skin. We learn about Esau's wives in Genesis 25:34-35, which says he married two Hittite women at the age of 40. Genesis when Esau traded his birthright for a bowl of soup. -Graham S. The timeline below shows where the character Esau appears in, gives birth, the first twin comes out looking red and hairy, so they name him, When Isaac is old and unable to see, he calls, When Jacob comes in, he tells Isaac that he is, No sooner has Jacob received the blessing and left than, as an alien will one day belong to him. His "tears" were no proof of true repentance, for immediately after being foiled in his desire he resolved to murder Jacob! "[29] Other traditional sources connect the word with the Hebrew v` (Hebrew: ) meaning "worthless". In this article I will give a close reading of the latter story, and suggest how the . Yet his characteristic faith appears in his looking on to the unseen future privileges attached to, the birthright (the priesthood of the family (Numbers 8:17-19) and the progenitorship of Messiah independently of temporal advantages. Categories . Accordingly, he married a kinswoman in the person of a daughter of Ishmael (Genesis 28:6,9). These crimes were so shocking that God caused Abraham to die five years sooner than he was supposed to so that the holy man would not have to witness the depravity of his own grandson. God (and by extension his Word) is the absolute authority in all matters, including in describing his own attributes (Hebrews 6:13). Her father was Bethual. The teenage Eliphaz, accompanied by 10 of his mother's Canaanite brothers, is nevertheless persuaded away from his murder attempt when Jacob gives them all the gold and silver that he has. It says that while the boys were still in the womb, the wicked Esau would stir whenever Rebekah passed by idols of foreign gods. Yet you have said, I will surely do you good, and make your offspring as the sand of the sea, which cannot be counted because of their number., Instant downloads of all 1725 LitChart PDFs Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. Jacob pulled off his disguise by covering himself in hairy lamb skin so that when his blind father went to touch him, his smooth skin did not give him away as an imposter of his hairy brother. In later centuries, however, it was not a small kingdom in the hill country that Jewish people associated with Edom. Thus Jacob acquires Esau's birthright. Esaus descendants became the natural enemies of Jacob (later changed to Israel) and have been ever since. A Character Study, "Sondergaard is a member of the New Apostolic Reformation cult. Esau was born first. This is the origin of the English phrase "to sell one's birthright for a mess of pottage". Esau was the firstborn - The Bible tells us that even when coming out of the womb, these two brothers wrestled for pre-eminence. Genesis parallels his redness to the "red lentil pottage" that he sold his birthright for. definition of fasting, what is fasting in the bible, fasting definition, why should I fast, the power of prayer and fasting, Location of Galilee, where was galilee in the bible?, fasting definition, Galilee region, cities of Galilee, Sea of Galilee, Definition of biblical fire, what is fire in the bible?, fire and brimstone, fire meaning, baking bread with fire. Jacob sends multiple waves of gifts to Esau as they approach each other, hoping that Esau will spare his life. Perhaps worst of all, Esau went out and married foreign wives, bringing both them and their idolatrous practices home with them. Abel's offering is pleasing in the sight of God while Cain's is rejected (Cain gets revenge, though, as you may have heard); Isaac is Abraham's child of promise, Ishmael is merely the child of his body; Joseph gains power over all the older brothers who sold him into slavery. [12] Others have noted the similarity to Arabic athaa () meaning "hirsute". Deuteronomy 23:7 Thou shalt not abhor an Edomite; for he is thy brother: thou Fortunately, Rebekah catches wind of this and sends Jacob to go spend a few decades with out-of-town family. ", Genesis 26:3435 describes Esau's marriage at the age of forty to two Canaanite women: Judith the daughter of Beeri the Hittite, and Basemath the daughter of Elon the Hittite. Esau is furious and vows to kill Jacob (Genesis 27:41). Of Esaus subsequent history nothing is known; for that of his descendants see EDOM. Such stories often paint Esau as an almost cartoonishly evil villain who deserves to be deceived by his brother. These murders represent one of the five crimes of Esau that led to the death of Abraham. Complete your free account to request a guide. "Then God appeared once more to Jacob after he came back from Paddan Aram, and he blessed him. When Jacob returns home after 20 years of working for their uncle, Esau himself tries to attack and kill Jacob, despite their mother's pleas. He was if anything an impulsive man. Isaac was sixty years old when she bore them. Despite the fact that tradition says that Esau was covered in red hair and bearded from birth and Jacob had white hairless skin and was miraculously circumcised from birth, nevertheless "The Legends of the Jews" says that the twin sons of Isaac and Rebekah were completely indistinguishable until the age of 13, comparing them to the myrtle and the thorn-bush, which look alike when they are young until the sweet smell of the myrtle and the thorns of the thorn-bush make it possible to tell them apart. In Genesis, Esau returned to his twin brother Jacob, famished from the fields. Hitchcock's Bible Dictionary. Jacob's life is one of the most detailed accounts of a Bible character's life. Rather, it is a melting pot of several type of creation stories found through the world such as ExNihilo, Froom Chaos, Dues Faber, Dismemberment and world parent types to explain the existence of people, plants, animals and even the planet itself. From his story, we can learn what type of person Jacob was. Nay, but "what is a man profiled if he shall gain the whole world and lose his own soul, or what shall a man give in exchange for his soul?" 1. Esau met his brother again at the death of their father, about twenty years later (Genesis 35:29). AT HIS MOTHER'S INSTIGATION, JACOB CHEATS Esau OF HIS FATHER'S BLESSING. Send Comments or Criticisms So it turns out he wasn't exhausted from hunting, he was worn out from a triple homicide. Likewise, the personalities of Esau and Jacob made it clear who was who. Esau was Abraham's grandson, the older twin born to Isaac and Rebekah (the younger was Jacob). Hebrews 12:1516 depicts Esau as unspiritual for thoughtlessly throwing away his birthright. 1. "Entry for 'ESAU'". Updates? Why is it important to know about him? She was the niece of Abraham, the daughter of his brother, Nahor. You can follow Jack on Google Plus or check out his book Blind Chance or Intelligent Design available on Amazon. be stronger than the other people; and the elder shall serve the younger As soon as Jacob makes his appearance in Scripture, we find him manipulating his brother Esau into . They knew very little back ", "forgot to address your question, "How do you people dress and feed yourselves?" Esau, a "man of the field", became a hunter[1] who had "rough"[2] qualities that distinguished him from his twin brother. As "The Legends of the Jews" explains, Esau is prepared to lay an assault on his returning brother with 400 men leading armies of 400 men each until God's angels intervene. Esau, by comparison, exists primarily as a foil to Jacob, who gets swindled by Jacob and disappoints his parents at every turn. Of the twins, Esau was the first to be born with Jacob following, holding his heel. He agrees to work another seven years and Jacob and Rachel are finally wed. Traditionally the firstborn is given the birthright, the family leadership, double share of the inheritance, and the spiritual headship of the family. In the Hebrew, Esav means hairy. This wasbecause hefirst came out red, all his body like a hairy cloak, so they called his name Esau (Gen 25:25). Correspond with us Jacob got his name from the birth process too as after his brother came out with his hand holding Esaus heel, so his name was called Jacob (Gen 25:26). Thus Esau despised his birthright, See to it that no one fails to obtain the grace of God; that no root of bitterness springs up and causes trouble, and by it many become defiled; that no one is sexually immoral or unholy like Esau, who sold his birthright for a single meal. He was a thorough Bedouin, a "son of the desert." Their rivalry begins before they are even born. After some thirty years' sojourn in Padan-aram Jacob returned to Canaan, and was reconciled to Esau, who went forth to meet him ( 33:4 ). Why was a fathers blessing so highly valued in the Old Testament? "Esau (that is, Edom) settled in the hill country Seir." - Genesis 36:8. The case of Esau is one such example. 2. In Genesis 27:57, Rebekah is listening while Isaac speaks to his son Esau. Then Isaac trembled violently, and said, Who was it then that hunted game and brought it to me, and I ate it all before you came, and I have blessed him?yes, and blessed he shall be! When Esau heard his father's words, he cried out with an exceedingly great and bitter cry, and said to his father, Bless me, me also, father! But he said, Your brother came deceitfully, and he has taken away your blessing. Esau said, Is he not rightly named Jacob For he has supplanted me these two times. He has two sons, Esau and Jacob. Son of Isaac, twin brother of Jacob. Laban. Courage to serve a vision with his all - regardless of who they were - he served their vision with his all. List the questions that God asked . Finally, after 20 years of marriage, they were blessed with twin boys, Jacob and Esau. God uses me. The circumstances connected with his birth foreshadowed the enmity which afterwards subsisted between the twin brothers and the nations they founded ( Genesis 25:22 Genesis 25:23 Genesis 25:26 ). Esaus descendants were often at war with Israel and included the Edomites who were constant a thorn in the side of the nation of Israel. Jacob took advantage of Esaus hunger and exhaustion but this also proved that Esau didnt really appreciate his birthright (despised it) and gave it away to satisfy his appetite. When the boys grew up, Esau was a skillful hunter, a man of the field, while Jacob was a quiet man, dwelling in tents. The spirit of Esau is now flowing in the nations far abroad. He is mentioned in the Book of Genesis [3] and by the prophets Obadiah [4] and Malachi. PDF downloads of all 1725 LitCharts literature guides, and of every new one we publish. He also goes by the name Edom, meaning red, which is why his descendants are called the Edomites. [16] Upon seeing that his brother was blessed and that their father rejected Esau's union to Canaanites, Esau went to the house of his uncle Ishmael and married his cousin,[17] Mahalath the daughter of Ishmael, and sister of Nebajoth. As he approaches the country of Edom, he sends messengers to his brother, They all go to Bethel, where God first revealed himself to Jacob upon fleeing from, Bilhah and Zilpah. 6 Jun. [25] But the prophecy of Obadiah insists on the literal "violence done" by Esau "unto your brother Jacob" when the Edomites "entered the gate of my people, looted his goods, stood at the parting of the ways to cut off the fugitive, delivered up his survivors on his day of distress".[26]. He then took a club and killed Esau, and Esau's head rolled into the cave. Esaus life provides a lesson for us today and that is that we cannot trade in our morality for a moment of satisfaction. According to the Talmud, the sale of the birthright took place immediately after Abraham died. Descendants of Edom scuh as the Spartans, Ancient Romans, and German Leaders were outstanding warriors and endowed with exceptional military talents. The Interlinear Bible renders Genesis 25:27 as, "And Esau became a man knowing hunting, a man of the field." "Field" is sadeh, . It was not however until after his father's death that he permanently left Canaan, according to Isaac's blessing, to Jacob, his wives and family then first accompanying him (Genesis 35:29; Genesis 36:6). Esau was born first and thereby became legal heir to the family birthright which included, among other things, being heir to the Covenant between God and Abraham. Isaac's blessing over Esau in Gen. 27:39, 40 is very clear. Per the Vatican, chapter 25, verse 25 states: "The first came out red, all his body like a hairy mantle; so they named him Esau." While Esau's hair was red and covered him all over, his . Rebekah had a difficult pregnancy, and God told her it was because "two nations are in your womb; .
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