iambic pentameter in hamlet act 1 scene 5

Scanning "of" as stressed (however slightly) turns that interpretation into iamb/iamb/iamb/anapest/iamb instead. Perhaps Hamlet means no living being returns, or perhaps this thought betrays Hamlet's doubts that the spirit was truly his father. This line is also an example where the language can help the performer; just try to gloss over the word "pause" in this line. Here we can discuss the Bard, his greatness, his works and his life! This post was revised, tweaked & advanced on Walk 24, 2009. Ralph Prose is the form of speech used by common, and often comic, people in Shakespearean drama. Athena How can you be discussing literary devices when you are not able to distinguish whos from whose? Areyoutoturnandaskthus. Latest answer posted December 19, 2017 at 9:21:46 AM, What is the meaning of the following quote? Made glorious summer by this son of York'. This plain blank verse clause refers back to the fardel-bearing "who" of two lines prior. In Hamlet's 'To be, or not to be' soliloquy he uses antithesis when he places the ideas of life and death next to each other, discussing whether or not it's better to live or die. Iambic pentameter definition at Dictionary.com, a free online dictionary with pronunciation, synonyms and translation. The informal way of speaking is called prosethis just means an everyday way of speaking. This line of poetry has five feet, so its written in pentameter. Bare bodkin is the salient point (no pun intended) of this line, so it gets the stresses. Take another look at the definition of rhyming couplets. The rhythm of iambic pentameter is like a heartbeat, with one soft beat and one strong beat repeated five times. The rhythm Shakespeare uses in his plays is called iambicpentameter, which is like a Glad I found this, was suuuuper confused on my poetry assignment heehee, Your email address will not be published. Start your 48-hour free trial to get access to more than 30,000 additional guides and more than 350,000 Homework Help questions answered by our experts. Iambic pentameter is constructed of lines that are 10 syllables long Any actor playing Bottom would have to decide about that for him or herself Ralph Pentameter indicates there are ten syllables in the line. With hym ther was dwellynge a poure scoler, Shakespeare used iambic pentameter because it closely resembles the rhythm of everyday speech, and he no doubt wanted to imitate everyday speech in his plays. ThoughtCo. Go, get thee in. For by thy gracious golden glittering gleams Athena Iambic pentameter is the name given to the rhythm that Shakespeare uses in his plays. This line produces heavy consonance with the words insolence (rudeness, impudence; from the Latin insolens, meaning "immoderate" or "overbearing") office (public officials), and spurns (insults). Educators go through a rigorous application process, and every answer they submit is reviewed by our in-house editorial team. But mark, poor night, that can usually be divided into pairs of alternating stresses that have a kind of heartbeat rhythm -- da dum, da dum, da dum, da dum, da dum. Iambic pentameter is commonly used in poetry and verse forms. Examples of iambic pentameter are found in all of Shakespeare's plays, including the famous "Romeo and Juliet," "Julius Caesar," "A Midsummer Night's Dream," and "Hamlet." See instances of this meter in the verses that follow. I've seen glorious delivered as: glor-yus, and. Come, thick night, And pall thee in the dunnest smoke of hell, That my keen knife see not the wound it makes, Nor heaven peep through the blanket of the dark, To cry 'Hold, hold!'. This list of Shakespeare plays brings together all 38 plays in alphabetical order. Jamieson, Lee. One good example is the first line of Hamlet's most famous soliloquy in Act 3 Scene 1. There are two distinctive types of speeches, monologues and soliloquies. I callThat piece a wonder, Now: Fr Pandolfs handsWorked busily a day, and there she standsAnd seemed as they would ask me, if they durst,How such a glance came there; so, not the firstAre you to turn and ask thus. Iambic pentameter is a line of verse with five metrical feet, and each foot consists of an unstressed syllable and a stressed syllable. HAMLET Alas, poor ghost! Scene 1 Lines 91-92 The use of blank verse is explained in myshakespeare's Romeo and Juliet, Act 1, Scene 1. Ill explain simply: whos is short form for who is and does not fit correctly in the sentence about Taylor Swift. The Ghost (telling Hamlet of his murder): Thus was I, sleeping, by a brothers hand. 100Have not saints lips, and holy palmers too? Henceforth be earls, the first that ever ScotlandIn such an honour named. Modern authors, too, use it for writing serious poems. Workedbusilyaday, andthereshestands canst work i' the earth so fast? For playwrights, using iambic pentameter allow them to imitate everyday speech in verse. Iambic pentameter is defined as a ten-syllable line with the accent on every other syllable, beginning with the second one. He refuses to tell them what he has learned from his father, instead making them swearseveral times overto keep silent about the ghost theyve seen. In HamletClaudius is a great example as most of his speaking is addressing other people. Incidentally, this in a nutshell is why Shakespeare still works for us four centuries later: the gripe of the public against those who hold public office is both universal and eternal. Prose and Verse Play Prose and Verse Video Shakespeare writes in a combination of prose and verse. In this ode, the rhyme scheme is ABAB CDEDCCE. Hamlet is the best example of these kind of speeches in the show. Put simply, iambic pentameter is a metrical speech rhythm that is natural to the English language. The . Thank you for this tutorial. In what follows, we have straight iambic meter with yet another feminine ending. . Your email address will not be published. O dainty duck, O dear! Conscience (Middle English via Old French, from Latin conscientia, "to be conscious") here is used primarily in its older sense of "consciousness, inmost thought or private judgment" rather than implying a moral dilemma. That being said, it is the older interpretation of "quietus" that leads some scholars to argue that the whole point of this soliloquy is Hamlet talking about "settling his debt" with Claudius. In this metaphor, the Ghost of Hamlet's father compares Claudius to a poisonous snake who bit him and then took over as king after his death. Enough; no more:Tis not so sweet now as it was before.O spirit of love! da DUM | da DUM | da DUM | da DUM | da DUM. The subjectthose who would bearbegins in this line. ***Now find three more lines written in iambic pentameter from Act 1, Scene 1 of Hamlet. Take another look at the definition of iambic pentameter. The fourth foot could scan as an iamb rather than a pyrrhic, but that's quibbling. it had a dying fallStealing and giving odour! So art thou to revenge, when thou shalt hear. Latest answer posted November 19, 2020 at 1:33:52 PM. I thank thee, moon, for shining now so bright; For by thy gracious, golden, glittering gleams, A Midsummer Night's Dream/ Act 5, Lines 266-275, Iambic Pentameter. da DUM | da DUM | da DUM | da DUM | da DUM, From Shakespeare to Taylor Swift, whose #1 dance-pop single Shake It Off includes some iambic pentameter. Keep in mind that this is an extended, slightly rhetorical question Hamlet poses. Hamlets father. The lines feel naturally more dramatic and tense because they get shorter, and the rhymes come more quickly. This line is more interesting for its rhetorical devices than its metrical pattern. The rythm gives a less rigid, but natural flow to the text - and the dialogue. Till the foul crimes done in my days of nature . eNotes Editorial, 15 Mar. A line of poetry written in iambic pentameter has five feet = five sets of stressed syllables and unstressed syllables. Another word for when two lines are coupled together. Be here is used in its definition of "exist." In the previous scene, Prince Hamlet was called forth by the spirit of his father. And one final (and more traditional) example of iambic pentameter, this time from Robert Brownings poem My Last Duchess. Ralph Your email address will not be published. The initial quatrain of four weak endings could be an attempt by Shakespeare to use the verse to convey further Hamlet's uncertainty. iambic pentameter) The qualities of everyday language On paper, you can easily spot dialogue written in prose because it appears as a block of text, unlike the strict line breaks that are a result of the rhythmic patterns of verse. This has been most helpful. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. of iambic pentameter and to think about why. Literally, the clause would translate to something like "the insults that worthy fortitude receives from the unworthy.". Lets use this little chunk of speech by Pyramus as an example. Hamlet now elaborates on his proposition; the question actually concerns existence when faced with suffering. Grammatically, this line is an object-subject-verb inversion with the direct object ("spurns") on the previous line, which makes it all a bit dicier to parse. There is little noteworthy revealed in the scansion; the stresses fall on the words you would expect to hear stressed. This has led some to believe that she is the fourth witch "I may pour my spirits in thine ear" (taking JULIET*s hand)* If I profane with my unworthiest hand. Ralph Say I Love Thee Not, Sonnet 150: O! O God! Athena New: The Art & How of Iambic Pentameter This continues my first post: What is: Iambic Pentameter (Basics) and is itself follo Trochaic: Stressed followed by unstressed. Accessed 1 May 2023. Who are the experts?Our certified Educators are real professors, teachers, and scholars who use their academic expertise to tackle your toughest questions. Donne has also used five groups of accented and unaccented syllables in each line. Whats more to do,Which would be planted newly with the time,As calling home our exiled friends abroadThat fled the snares of watchful tyranny;Of this dead butcher and his fiend-like queenSo, thanks to all at once and to each one,Whom we invite to see us crownd at Scone.. Though the first line does not follow the rule, the purpose is to start the poem with a bang, with the combination of iambic pentameter. Ralph Doom'd for a certain term to walk the night, If thou didst ever thy dear father love--. Regard denotes "consideration" in its usage, while currents is a metaphor based on its meaning "the flowing [steady] motion of water." Cookies, The RSC is a registered charity (no. for SHIning NOW so BRIGHT Act 1, Scene 4 Act 2, Scene 1 Analysis: Themes Vengeance, Action, and Inaction About Gertrude, again, old Hamlet charges his son to "Leave her to heaven / And to those thorns that in her bosom lodge / To prick and sting her" (1.5.93-95). The line itself is 11 syllables; as scanned above, the line can be described as iamb/iamb/pyrrhic/anapest/iamb. Give us pause in context denotes "stop and consider." Rather than being written in prose, the speeches are written in iambic pentameter. what else? Soliloquiesare a single character speaking only to themselves as a tool to let the audience in on what is happening in their mind. Take another look at your third answer and take another look at the definitions. art thou there, Come on--you hear this fellow in the cellarage. The rhythm you feel in your chest, like a pulse. The Latin word for this number is pent. Latest answer posted February 17, 2021 at 12:04:07 PM. Hamlet tells the ghost to find peace, and then he expresses his distress at being tasked with resolving his father's unfinished business. Athena Though the speech doesn't directly invoke God, this has to be an undercurrent, no matter how rationally and philosophically Hamlet couches it. If youve studied any of Shakespeares sonnets you may have heard of iambic pentameter but what exactly is iambic pentameter? Iambic pentameter is a basic rhythm thats pleasing to the ear and closely resembles the rhythm of everyday speech, or a heartbeat. 212481) The whips and scorns of time refers more to Hamlet's (or a person's) lifetime than to time as a figurative reference of eternity. And therefore as a stranger give it welcome. When a character in a play speaks in prose, you know that he is a lower class member of society. ***, Your email address will not be published. An iambic foot consists of an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable. dark. Although there are elements of iambic pentameter throughout Hamlets to be or not to be soliloquy there are many lines with more than ten syllables, which by definition means the lines cant be in iambic pentameter. How Much More Doth Beauty Beauteous Seem, Sonnet 55: O! Here, as before, never, so help you mercy. Iambic pentameter is the name given to the rhythm that Shakespeare uses in his plays. When it looks like writing in a book that goes the whole way across the page, he is writing in prose. Sweet moon, I thank thee for thy sunny beams. Oh, horrible, oh, horrible, most horrible! Everything You Need to Know About Shakespeare's Plays, An Analysis of Shakespeare Characters Hermia and Her Father, The Recurrent Theme of Love in Shakespeare's Plays, 7 Types of Female Characters in Shakespeare's Plays, M.A., Theater Studies, Warwick University, B.A., Drama and English, DeMontfort University. Athena Hamlet Act I Scene I. Spondee: Intermediate Stress followed by Stressed. Close bosom-friend of the maturing sun;Conspiring with him how to load and blessWith fruit the vines that round the thatch-eves runAnd fill all fruit with ripeness to the core;To swell the gourd, and plump the hazel shellsWith a sweet kernel; to set budding more,And still more, later flowers for the bees,Until they think warm days will never cease,For summer has oer-brimmd their clammy cells.. Shakespeare uses many types of figurative language like metaphor, simile, and personification. By putting so many literary devices in the ghost's speech, Shakespeare magnifies the terrifying and otherworldly aspects of this creature from beyond the grave. 2019, https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/what-are-some-literary-devices-used-in-hamlet-act-653509. Iambic pentameter is the name given to the rhythm that Shakespeare uses in his plays. Website Terms and Conditions | From " Romeo and Juliet :" "Two households, both alike in dignity (In fair Verona, where we lay our scene), ", The ghost also uses the technique of praeteritio, or calling attention to something by claiming to avoid the topic, as when he says "I could a tale unfold whose lightest word . In this case, the line is only eight total syllables. It is everyday language. opposites are put together, like hot and cold or light and Try counting the syllables and you can see how it works: To be, or not to be, that is the question' (Hamlet, 3:1). Iambic pentameter is used almost all the time in Hamlet. b. a fight. To access all site features, create a free account now or learn more about our study tools. There are quite a few things going on here. Here, Hamlet is making a similar statement, that giving too much thought to the consequences of important actions can paralyze us. The third foot with "in" could also be scanned as a pyrrhic. And so, without more circumstance at all. From academic takes on iambic pentameter to picking out the dirty jokes, there's always space for you here. The stylistic divide between the high- and low-born characters in The Tempest often plays out through differences in verse and prose. Call Not Me To Justify The Wrong, Sonnet 140: Be Wise As Thou Art Cruel; Do Not Press, Sonnet 141: In Faith I Do Not Love Thee With Mine Eyes, Sonnet 142: Love Is My Sin, And Thy Dear Virtue Hate, Sonnet 109: O! Good pilgrim, you do wrong your hand too much. Include textual support. speak; I'll go no further. Sometimes its also interesting to look at lines that dont match the rhythm Unfortunately, payments are no longer supported by Mastercard in your web browser At that point, Latin was seen as superior and "the language of true literature," while English was for common folk. Where will I find it in Macbeth? (And yes, we have just classified Taylor Swift as a poet! Life. a. a party b. a fight c. a proposal d. a marriage e. a funeral. Lest The World Should Task You To Recite, Sonnet 73: That Time Of Year Thou Mayst In Me Behold, Sonnet 74: But Be Contented When That Fell Arrest, Sonnet 75: So Are You To My Thoughts As Food To Life, Sonnet 76: Why Is My Verse So Barren Of New Pride, Sonnet 77: Thy Glass Will Show Thee How Thy Beauties Wear, Sonnet 78: So Oft Have I Invoked Thee For My Muse, Sonnet 79: Whilst I Alone Did Call Upon Thy Aid, Sonnet 80: O! Help us by taking a short survey it will only take a few minutes and will help us make the Shakespeare Learning Zone even better for everyone. 105Then move not, while my prayers effect I take. Which of these begins the action of Act 1, Scene 1 of Romeo and Juliet? Iambic Pentameter: Shakespeare wrote his plays in this unstressed followed by stressed syllable-10 syllables (5 feet) long: Blank Verse: unrhymed poetry, sounds normal, used in longer poems, usually 10 syllables in length: Rhyming Couplet: 2 lines of verse that are the same length and rhyme: last word of first line and last line rhyme: Sonnet then we'll shift our ground. Notice the pattern of underlined accented, and unaccented syllables, which are iambic pentameter in these lines of Macbeth, a play by Shakespeare. "What are some literary devices used in Hamlet, act 1, scene 5?" Saints do not move, though grant for prayers' sake. . . The word 'iambic' refers to that rhythm unit of da-dum, also called a foot. By using this site you agree that we may store and access cookies on your device. Ralph But, soft! Contact Us | Privacy policy. We notice there is an extra syllable. Act 1, Scene 5; Techniques: Diacope; Characters: Hamlet (speaker) Obviously, the blood of a living person does not literally freeze, and so this is figurative language comparing a mental state of terror at imagined horrors to physical cold. This line essentially translates to "or to fight against the endless suffering." In regards to how the Bard used this type of meter, there are only five key things to know: Iambic pentameter was born out of a need to create a meter for the English language in the 16th century. Now the rhetorical comparison of sleep and death is driven home, and Hamlet infers that if death is sleep intensified, then the possible dreams in death are likely to be intensified as well. And you may want to do that; dragging out the pronunciation beyond the everyday would place additional stress/emphasis on the word in question. The first literary device used in this scene is meter. Take another look at Nias definition of rhyming couplets. You can tell by looking at the page in the text whether someone is speaking in prose or verse. Works. They include: Run-on lines No rhyme or metric scheme (i.e. youth of Montague's family who tries to stop the fighting between the servants. As a whole, a thoroughly less poetic rendering of the line translates to "whether people think that it's more dignified to put up with. You are quite correct in your critique but the information given about iambic pentameter is also correct. Iambic Meters. Is the opening foot a pyrrhic, an anapest, or an iamb formed by pronouncing the beginning almost like "th'oppressor"? For saints have hands that pilgrims' hands do touch. These are heroic couplets that keep speakers speech into tidy packages, though his thoughts are somewhat unruly. Understanding and identifying iambic pentameter is key to appreciating Shakespeare's plays, so let's take a look. Monologuesare long speeches that are addressed to other characters. I am still trying to understand poetry. One good example is the first line of Hamlets most famous soliloquy in Act 3 Scene 1. Take another look at the iambic pentameter definitions. This creates a pyrrhic/spondee/iamb/iamb/iamb rhythm. Hamlets father now tells him he has been sentenced to reside in purgatory for unconfessed sins owing to his untimely death. Hes already shown us that he likes things to be over the top. Hamlet puts forth his thesis statement at the beginning of his argument, which is generally a good idea. Let it be noted that this repetition of "to die, to sleep" is an intentional rhetorical device. First, scansion reveals as many as four unstressed syllables in a row, which is unusual. It is Shakespeare's poetic license in this speech that produces the contemporary meaning of "a release from life." Never Say That I Was False Of Heart, Sonnet 143: Lo, As A Careful Housewife Runs To Catch, Sonnet 144: Two Loves I Have Of Comfort And Despair, Sonnet 145: Those Lips That Loves Own Hand Did Make, Sonnet 146: Poor Soul, The Centre Of My Sinful Earth, Sonnet 147: My Love Is As A Fever Longing Still, Sonnet 148: O Me! Iambic pentameter is a line of writing that consists of ten syllables in a specific pattern of an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable, or a short syllable followed by a long syllable. Moment, while it might seem to indicate timeliness, actually denotes "consequence, importance" in this context. Rather than being written in prose, the speeches are written in iambic pentameter. I trust to take of truest Thisbe sight. Ralph First, its not his profession. A community for Shakespeare enthusiasts the world over, no matter your age, language, or experience level. That You Were Your Self, But, Love, You Are, Sonnet 14: Not From The Stars Do I My Judgement Pluck, Sonnet 15: When I Consider Everything That Grows, Sonnet 16: But Wherefore Do Not You A Mightier Way, Sonnet 17: Who Will Believe In My Verse In Time To Come. This words comes from the Latin word iam meaning beat. This rhythmical pattern is repeated five times in most lines, with occasional variations. The quick test on this page can be used in class to help students recall information about key language terms. And each particular hair to stand on end. "Makes" is the predicate of this clause and needs a certain amount of stress. speak, speak! Shakespeare is famous for writing in iambic pentameter, and you can find it in multiple forms in every one of his plays. Iambic pentameter is a basic rhythm that's pleasing to the ear and closely resembles the rhythm of everyday speech, or a heartbeat. Welcome to reddit's premier Shakespearean subreddit! With regard to meter, the only real question here is whether to stress from, whose, both, or neither. Scan this QR code to download the app now, https://www.howmanysyllables.com/words/unworthiest. WebAct 2, scene 1 Act 2, scene 2 Act 3, scene 1 Act 3, scenes 23 More Character Analysis Central Idea Essay Movie Adaptations Literary Devices Style The style of A Midsummer Nights Dream is droll and exuberant. The text of this play is full of speeches. 2023 eNotes.com, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Hamlet ActI Scene III Wed love to know what you think about the Shakespeare Learning Zone. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Create a free website or blog at WordPress.com. From What Power Hast Thou This Powerful Might, Sonnet 151: Love Is Too Young To Know What Conscience Is, Sonnet 152: In Loving Thee Thou Kowst I Am Forsworn, Sonnet 153: Cupid Laid By His Brand And Fell Asleep, Sonnet 154: The Little Love-God Lying Once Asleep. I know Shakespeare uses iambic pentameter, For the below poem, is "unworthiest" only pronounced with 3 syllables? An iamb is a combination of an unstressed syllable and a stressed syllable. What is iambic pentameter? Examples of Iambic Pentameter in Shakespeare's Plays. O, then, dear saint, let lips do what hands do. These are characters such as criminals, servants, and pages. Andseemedastheywouldaskme,iftheydurst, For example, deLIGHT, the SUN, forLORN, one DAY, reLEASE. The iambic pentameter found in Act 3, Scene 1 is definitely tricky. That would fit with the capriciousness suggested by the phrase outrageous fortune. With England having been prominently invaded by both Germanic and French speakers, either influence (or both) could be at work. . Lets look at the beginning of this speech by Pyramus. Invent your own explanationit's fun, and it may earn you a research grant. There is no need for Hamlet to exact revenge on her because her guilt with accomplish it for him. Shakespeare wrote the majority of the play in his characteristic blank versethat is, unrhymed iambic pentameter. For example, the majority of The Merry Wives of Windsor is written in prose because it deals with the middle-class. The initial trochee is a typical inversion of Shakespeare's; beginning the line with a stressed syllable varies the rhythm and gives a natural emphasis at the start. For by thy gracious golden glittering gleams What is the importance of the gravedigger scene in the story of Hamlet? As bad as earthly suffering is, there could be far worse in store for us in death. In a line of poetry, an iamb is a foot or beat consisting of an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable. heartbeat, with one soft beat and one strong beat repeated Our summaries and analyses are written by experts, and your questions are answered by real teachers. (a pause, incidentally, that makes it hard to scan "them? In order to understand what this is, lets break it down. There is no rhythm or meter in the line. Latest answer posted December 25, 2020 at 10:45:45 AM. "Oh, that this too, too sullied flesh would melt." Place the words with syllabic count: 1 . (Hamlet, 2:2). There is no rhyme or pattern of accentuation in this line, and thats what makes it prose. How can it be? The rhythm of this pattern of speech is often compared to a beating heart. Ay, that incestuous, that adulterate beast. Generally speaking, high-class characters speak in iambic pentameter and lower-class characters speak in. Lee Jamieson, M.A., is a theater scholar and educator. Lets look at what comes next. Bourn derives either from the Old English burna meaning "stream or brook" (via Old High German brunno, meaning "spring of water") or, alternately, from the French bourne (via Old French bodne, meaning "boundary or marker"), depending upon which etymologist you want to believe. (Interestingly, the iamb sounds a little like a heartbeat). At least that makes the line predominantly iambic pentameter. In some ways, Shakespeare is making a smart change of pace. Copyright 2023 Literary Devices. At the beginning of Hamlets famous soliloquy he is contemplating his own mortality and uses the slings and arrows as a metaphor for the attacks he feels in his life, as well of sea of troubles as a description of the mounting problems he feels hes drowning in. Thank you so much! Or it can feel exaggerated And theres a new poetic pattern, which is a break from the iambic pentameter: two short, four-syllable lines that rhyme with each other But this most foul, strange and unnatural. In Middle English, it took on the denotation "discharge of obligation" and here denotes "release, or settlement of account." How I Faint When I Do Write Of You, Sonnet 81: Or I Shall Live Your Epitaph To Make, Sonnet 82: I Grant Thou Wert Not Married To My Muse, Sonnet 83: I Never Saw That You Did Painting Need, Sonnet 84: Who Is It That Says Most, Which Can Say More, Sonnet 85: My Tongue-Tied Muse In Manners Holds Her Still, Sonnet 86: Was It The Proud Full Sail Of His Great Verse, Sonnet 87: Farewell! Athena Here, devoutly denotes a meaning of "earnestness" rather than its more traditional religious association; this speech, unlike Hamlet's first soliloquy, is secular rationalism (especially in contrast with "Or that the Everlasting had not fix'd/His canon 'gainst self-slaughter! God!"). I appreciate you both. Next, the content of the scene is presented to us by "mimesis". It means iambic pentameter is a beat or foot that uses 10 syllables in each line. Try counting the syllables and you can see how it works: 'To be, or not to be, that is the question' (Hamlet, 3:1). The poem is written as a dramatic lyric made up of rhymed couplets in iambic pentameter, with each line made up of 5 sets of alternating stressed and unstressed syllables 10 syllables in all: That mylastDuchesspaintedon thewall,
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